Saturday November 21, 2009 2:01 PM AEST

Processor speed exhausted in 75 years

  • Email a Friend
  • Print Page
Processor speed exhausted in 75 years
By Justin Robinson
Oct 14, 2009 | 17 Comments
Tags: Processor | speed | exhausted | in | 75 | years

Moore's law kicks processor speeds where it hurts.

Processors have increased in sheer performance year on year ever since the inception of the very first design many years ago, bringing in faster speeds and more advanced designs that have pushed the industry onwards faster than many could have predicted.

However all this improvement is eerily linear, following the prediction that Gordon Moore made forty years ago that computing speeds would double every two years - first shown with simple clockspeed increases to almost 4GHz stock, and shown today with additional processing cores.

But all this seems to be coming to a potential close in the future as physicists Lev Levitin and Tommaso Toffoli, both from Boston University in Massachusetts, threw a deadline of 75 years down based on pure theoretical knowledge.

Pointing at the properties of the materials we're using today and even at the Quantum processors that appear to be the next step, they believe that the boundary will be reached in a single lifetime - bringing Moore's Law to a close.

Publishing the minimum possible time for a basic calculation to finish gave their paper some weight, highlighting the fact that Quantum processors become unstable with increasing external components; in other words, they become increasingly unreliable as they become more complex.

This theory is of course just a theory for now and there remains a slim possibility that we'll discover knowledge in the future to get around that hurdle, but for processor designers now they've got a performance ceiling to aim for.

It's described in much more detail at InsideScience, and if we're lucky we'll see this limit within our lifetimes.

 

 
 
The latest issue is on sale now!

Want to learn all about Diablo III? Want to find out what the best Solid State Drive is on the market today, and how to look after it? Want to catch up on the latest hardware, games and in depth tech from Australia's best enthusiast mag?

Get your copy today :)
17 Comments
Thoughts on this article? Add a comment below.
Jeruselem
Oct 14, 2009 10:50 AM
Good thing we're going multicore these days to compensate.
AIMBOT
Oct 14, 2009 11:23 AM
Lol, did you even read the article?
thesorehead
Oct 14, 2009 12:08 PM
Would like to know moar about this "theoretical limit to how fast a calculation can be done". Sure there'd be limits brought on by materials or architecture - but a mathematical, physical, actual limit? Kewl!
thesorehead
Oct 14, 2009 12:19 PM
Read the article - interesting stuff, and makes sense. Kinda like how there is such temperature as "absolute zero".
mark84
Oct 14, 2009 2:06 PM
Tsk tsk.
Moores law is about transistor counts, not processors speeds.
FOR SHAME!
codecreeper
Oct 14, 2009 5:02 PM
i say we all have a beer and have a BBQ on our CPU and celebrate the End of CPU's. Or the start of new era in CPU technology.

xBomx
Oct 14, 2009 7:12 PM
I'll drink to that, and pass me a shrimp on the barbie.

Isn't moore's law based on super computer in its time, with the inclusion that personal computer did not even exist, there for moore's law was generally referring to super computers and how funny it is that some one is using moore's law in relation to personal computers.

And Jeruselem made a good statement "Good thing we're going multicore these days to compensate." stating the obvious transistors can only go so small with the inclusion that it is all on a single die, there for we run into heat and cooling issues, and it makes since to go multi-core and quantum mechanics is yet out of our grasp therefore a waste of budget.

Until some god-like thing is incarnated in our era and comes up with a definite equation on quantum mechanics, until then some financial back up will be permitted from someone like Intel, commercially speaking.

Or maybe it is already being worked on behind closed curtains, away from threats of those with similar interest as the U.S of A, for such a computer can have possibly billions of built in algorithm and hacks there fore can interfere with anything that's electronic.

mmm...this sounds like a case for agent Moulders and Scully.
Kimmo
Oct 15, 2009 4:41 AM
Eerily linear? Eerily linearly exponential.

Also, Moore's law has long been redefined to refer to total processing power rather than outright clock speed.

And, for the comprehension-challenged, quantum computers are included in this prediction: "Using their equation, Levitin and Toffoli calculated that, for every unit of energy, a perfect quantum computer spits out ten quadrillion more operations each second than today's fastest processors."

Stands to reason; the persistence of Moore's law relied on technological leaps to clear ever-higher hurdles. Sooner or later we'll come across a fundamental hurdle we can't jump with any possible tech; it's only natural.

Or more likely we won't even reach the theoretical limit; there are no shortage of issues conspiring against such problematic endeavours...
mmfiore
Oct 16, 2009 12:02 AM
You tekkie guys might be interested in this topic.
Einstein was right about the shortcomings of Quantum Mechanics and so therefore String Theory is also the incorrect approach. As an alternative to Quantum Theory
there is a new theory that describes and explains the mysteries of physical reality. While not disrespecting the value of Quantum Mechanics as a tool to explain the role of quanta in our universe. This theory states that there is also a classical explanation for the paradoxes such as EPR and the Wave-Particle Duality. The Theory
is called the Theory of Super Relativity and is located at: www.superrelativity.org
This theory is a philosophical attempt to reconnect the physical universe to realism and deterministic concepts. It explains the mysterious.
Doc Forrest
Oct 16, 2009 12:08 PM
Last I checked, Moore's Law referred to the number of transistors on an IC.
xBomx
Oct 16, 2009 1:01 PM
Generally physics is literally just that, it only explains the physical of a state of fixed matter as a whole object relative to space/time continuum, Because it generally explained energy to matter to a degree usually matter at a fixed state. Even Einstein Relativity explains physics from Energy to Matter, but fails to explain the flux from Matter to particle/sub-particle/...the continuum of degeneration on flux of particles of matter within space/time.

Instead Einstein explained this in the theory of Photoelectric effect, derived from Max Planck (black-body radiation)but took the credit for emphasizing on it.

However general-Relativity and Relativity (cosmos scale)is the relationship of matter, not the Volume dismantlement of matter. However it is still relevant, for it is relative to sub-particles.

But then again stating from the above we are still talking about matter, and its relation to matter/particles whether its on a Atomic or quantum scale.

Now in regards to Quantum-subjects (Theory, mechanics, or any other) at such a level it gets confusing because we can only calculate Quanta (photon) in Plank constant (equation) at this level a photon derived from both matter and/or light (relative) are calculated at a suspended motion so to speak. (Max Planck and Albert Einstein) At this suspended moment, it is observable to make calculations, Photons ends there.

However i must say many fail to properly explain the flux of both the level of change within an Atomic to Quantum scale, for even the super computers of today have real trouble predicting the weather in Melbourne, bigger yet we haven't even grasp the knowings of the operations of the Sun (Titan-Photon if you will)on how it manage to regulate energy within itself!(the Sun may seem suspended with unlimited supply of energy, but actually "it is in flux", gravity prevents the core from fluctuation, therefor keeping its powertrain within the shell of gravity, However it is slowing degenerating, it is comparable to a fire/larva within a conditional-encapsulated ball, then again what is its powertrain?) and bigger yet at a Cosmic level, so it seems that Planets (Titan-Atom if you will) that are very distant from earth seems like its acting similar to sub-atomic particles, which is unpredictable.

At a Quantum level the Law of Physics seems uncertain, when Proton breaks down to sub-particles, the way the cookie crumbles does not crumble the way it use too, even in regards to distant planets and galaxies in respect.

If one can actually grasp a sub-particle at this level (breaking point of proton(s) one will see that each individual sub-particle has its own characteristic(s), some will dance around unpredictably some will dance around and disappear and reappear(the most interesting one for me)some seem to be regulating the other(s) well you get the idea, its like they are dancing in a universal ballroom, so it seems that something so small at this level are regulating one another interestingly to an Atomic level.

At a cosmic level however, it seems motion is indeed are at a very slow pace, easier to observe yet difficult to grasp.

Therefor these regulators (quantum particles, sub-particles)are the building block of Atom in it self, therefore as it seems both are relatively universal.

Observing at the breaking point of a proton is out of our grasp (the masses).

You would be interesting to know that the Hindu mystic of India have a way to look into these tiny world and its been known to these gurus for thousands of years before western science even pondered on the knowledge of "Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy" (Isaac Newton).

You also be surprising to known that they (Hindu mystics)are the founders of the theory on how to dismantle an Atom, which influenced the founder of the modern Atomic bomb, J. Robert O
thesorehead
Oct 16, 2009 1:02 PM
MULTIVAC and 'The Last Question', anybody?

"Let there be light"
xBomx
Oct 16, 2009 2:30 PM
Damn looks like the last two paragraph went missing :( from my above statement.
Seloh
Oct 16, 2009 2:58 PM
kudos to the Asimov quote :)

Mr.B
Oct 19, 2009 11:06 AM
I just wanna see quantum work, that would be so cool to have a computer that can do what a server farm can do, essentially anyway.
waylander232
Oct 20, 2009 5:54 AM
"and if we're lucky we'll see this limit within our lifetimes"

Lucky? I'm not so sure about that. You must have some great confidence in the industry that they can overcome whatever this limit turns out to be. I hope its not misplaced. While it would be exciting to see what the industry would do and how they get around the issue, there is also a good chance they go "oh, we can't do it. Damn." and just try and eek out performance from other areas, or use cheats that make things seem faster.
thesorehead
Oct 20, 2009 2:42 PM
waylander232 - think of the current performance bottlenecks. I don't think cheats or tricks will be necessary - there is so much more to machine performance than CPU speed! :--D
Login or register to submit a comment.
 
 
 
Atomic Magazine

Issue: 107 | December, 2009

Atomic is a magazine aimed squarely at computer enthusiasts, gamers, and serious PC upgraders.

Every month we bring you the latest reviews of new technology and PC components, in depth features on everything from overclocking to console hacking, and gaming previews and interviews.
 
Latest Comments
"Done.

.
..
..."
by theflyingswan | Nov 21, 2009 10:41 AM
 
""sudo preupgrade"
...failed to download installer metadata
------------
So ..."
by wlayton27 | Nov 21, 2009 8:16 AM
 
"I thought Vista outlived it's usefulness about the same time it was released , lol"
by mr.gargoyle | Nov 21, 2009 12:28 AM
 
"^ I find with CoD4 that I can jump on an empty server and be joined by 6-12 others before the ..."
by Ezekill | Nov 20, 2009 10:10 PM
 
"check

LOMAC
DCS Black Shark
X-plane"
by Bastard Child | Nov 20, 2009 8:13 PM
Latest User Reviews
Shenmue II
10%
asdfasdf
 
EVGA X58 Classified
90%
great board, a few things could be better
 
EVGA X58 Classified
90%
Gorgeous looking
 
Sapphire 4890
90%
So good, I immediately wanted a second one!
 
MSI 790FX-GD70 motherboard
90%
Allmost the prefect gaming board